What is the etiology of acute gallbladder hydrops in infants and children?
True or false. Cholecystectomy is the mainstay of treatment for acute GB hydrops in infants and children.
What conditions are associated with acalculus cholecystitis?
What are the indications for operation in acalculus cholecystitis?
Gallbladder infarction has been observed after what systemic disease?
Which of the following racial groups have the highest risk of developing cholecystitis and/or cholelithiasis?
Which is NOT on of the 3 classifications of gallstones?
What is the solubility of cholesterol directly dependent upon?
Why do cholesterol stones develop?
True or false: cholesterol stones are usually noted in children and adolescents in the absence of hematologic disorders?
Describe pigmented stones.
Children who develop gallstones as a result of interruption of the normal enterohepatic circulation usually get what kind of stones?
What conditions are associated with the development of cholelithiasis in neonates in young infants?
True or false. Acute cholecystitis is more commonly seen than chronic cholecystitis or cholelithiasis in children.
What is the incidence of gallstone pancreatitis in children with stones?
What may cause falsely abnormal findings in cholescintigraphy with technetium 99m.
Is intravenous morphine useful prior to cholescintigraphy?
What test is the most sensitive in diagnosing cholelithiasis and cholecystitis?
True or false. Cholesterol stones may spontaneously resolve after cessation of TPN therapy.
What is the incidence of gallstone development in children receiving long-term TPN?
Describe the management of the neonatal patient with cholelithiasis.
Does phototherapy increase the risk of gallstones?
What is the approximate chance of spontaneous resolution in an infant with cholestatic jaundice and choledocholithiasis?
A patient with sickle cell disease presents with abdominal pain. What test should be performed to differentiate between sickle crisis and cholelithiasis?
What percentage of African-Americans carry the gene for sickle cell disease?
True or false. Prophylactic cholecystectomy has no role in a patient with sickle cell anemia and asymptomatic cholelithiasis.
How should be sickle cell anemia patients be managed preoperatively with regard to their risk of sickling?
What is the incidence of gallstones in children with thalassemia major vs. age?
True or false: the risk of gallstones is decreasing in children with thalassemia because of hypertransfusion therapy?
What is the incidence of gallstones in hereditary spherocytosis?
When is cholecystectomy recommended in patients with thalassemia major or hereditary spherocytosis?
True or false. The risk of cholelithiasis is increased in children undergoing treatment for WilmÂs tumor, neuroblastoma, and lymphoma (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's)?
What is the normal ejection fraction of the gallbladder?
Which are TRUE regarding biliary dyskinesia?
How successful is gallbladder dissolution therapy for stones?