Which statement is NOT true regarding the borders of the anterior mediastinum, the middle, and the posterior mediastinum?

1.   ?    Anterior: sternum to trachea and pericardium
2.   ?    Middle: contains trachea, bronchi and peritracheal
3.   ?    Posterior: back of trachea to spine; includes ascending and descending Aorta

Thymic cysts are usually asymptomatic, and are associated with what components?

1.   ?    Cholesterol crystals
2.   ?    Hassals corpuscles
3.   ?    Gartners ducts
4.   ?    Psammoma bodies

Enterogenous cysts may communicate with the esophagus in what percent of cases?

1.   ?    1 - 2%
2.   ?    5%
3.   ?    10 - 15%
4.   ?    20 - 25%

What is often associated with enteric (esophageal) duplication cysts?

1.   ?    Hemivertbrea
2.   ?    Spina Bifida
3.   ?    Currarino's triad
4.   ?    VSD

What percent of patients with mediastinal enterogenous cysts also have an intra-abdominal intestinal duplication?

1.   ?    1 - 2%
2.   ?    5%
3.   ?    10 - 15%
4.   ?    20 - 25%

What percent of cystic hygromas extend into the mediastinum?

1.   ?    5 percent
2.   ?    10 - 15 percent
3.   ?    20 - 30 percent

Dermoid cysts are almost invariably located in what part of the mediastinum, and the term dermoid cyst applies to tumors composed entirely of what type of derivatives?

1.   ?    Anterior mediastinum
2.   ?    Middle mediastinum
3.   ?    Posterior mediastinum

Bronchogenic cysts are formed in utero, and located where?

1.   ?    Anterior mediastinum
2.   ?    Middle mediastinum
3.   ?    Posterior mediastinum

Do bronchogenic cysts communicate with normal tracheobronchial tree and do they have a unique blood supply?

1.   ?    Yes
2.   ?    No

True or false: most bronchogenic cysts are extrapulmonary?

1.   ?    True
2.   ?    False

Do bronchogenic cysts ever contain alveoli?

1.   ?    Yes
2.   ?    No

What percent of children with Hodgkin's disease have an anterior mediastinal mass?

1.   ?    5 - 10 percent
2.   ?    20 - 30 percent
3.   ?    40 - 60 percent
4.   ?    80 percent

What is the most common mediastinal mass?

1.   ?    Neurogenic
2.   ?    Foregut cysts
3.   ?    Teratoma

What is the most common neurogenic tumor of childhood in the mediastinum?

1.   ?    Schwannoma
2.   ?    Neuroblastoma
3.   ?    Pheochromocytoma
4.   ?    Ganglioneuroma

Neurofibroma may be sporadic or part of von Recklinghausen's disease. There is often an associated what?

1.   ?    Intracranial hamartoma
2.   ?    Osteoid osteoma
3.   ?    GI polyps
4.   ?    Scoliosis

What is the surgical difference between isolated or sporadic neurofibroma and von Recklinghausen's disease-associated neurofibroma?

1.   ?    Easier resection in sporadic variants
2.   ?    Easier resection in VRD variantss
3.   ?    VRD variants more likely to occur in peripheral nerves

Malignant degeneration can occur in neurofibroma, but usually only in what type of tumors?

1.   ?    Thoracic
2.   ?    Large tumors
3.   ?    Patients with underlying Neurofibromatosis

What arises from the nerve sheath and can be benign or malignant?

1.   ?    Ganglioneuroma
2.   ?    Neuroblastoma
3.   ?    Neurolemmoma

What percentage of all neuroblastomas are found in the mediastinum?

1.   ?    5 percent
2.   ?    10 percent
3.   ?    20 percent
4.   ?    50 percent

What percentage of mediastinal teratomas are malignant?

1.   ?    5 percent
2.   ?    10 percent
3.   ?    20 percent
4.   ?    50 percent

True or false: ectopic or heterotopic gastric mucosa can be present in enteric duplication cysts of the mediastinum, but almost never result in hemorrhage or erosion?

1.   ?    True
2.   ?    False

What type of cyst is almost always asymptomatic, and is seen in the cardiophrenic angle?

1.   ?    Thymic cyst
2.   ?    Pericardial cyst
3.   ?    Dermoid cyst

These cysts are second in frequency to neurogenic mediastinal tumors. They are large and located in the anterior mediastinum?

1.   ?    Thymic cyst
2.   ?    Pericardial cyst
3.   ?    Dermoid cyst